by Brian Grossmann, Adelaide/ S.A. and Detlef R. Papsdorf, Bellersheim/ Germany
© Familienarchiv Papsdorf 2008
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Ewald Grossmann, a journeyman mason (Maurergeselle) was born in Zuellichau/ Prussia on 31. March 1808. He married Johanna Luise, nee Schmidt, born Zuellichau 8. March 1810, 1834 or 1835. Children born in Germany: 1.
Anna (Johanne) Caroline Wilhelmina,
born 14.5.1836 (age at emmigration 1841: 4¾ years)
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Death of Ewald Grossmann 1898 (click photo to enlarge) |
Headstone of Julius Grossmann in Nuriootpa |
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Auswanderungs-Consens (click photo to enlarge) |
Nachweis der Auswanderung (pg.1) (click photo to enlarge) |
Nachweis der Auswanderung (pg.2) (click photo to enlarge) |
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[Kind permission for Internet publication by: Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv Potsdam Rep. 3 B Regierung Frankfurt (Oder) I St Nr. 717 Bl. 137 bzw. Nr. 779 Bl. 85 RS from 01. November 2007 (AZ II-8122-6547/07-Sp)] |
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The original prussian emigration documents |
The emigration started with approximately 270 persons from Tschicherzig/ Oder on 1. Mai 1841 to Hamburg (17days). They boarded the second of three "Oderkaehnen" (Oder barges) - a journey of about 600 kilometres inland waterways was awaiting them!
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Barges "Oderkähne" on the River Oder in Prussia |
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J.G.
Krünitz „Oeconomische Encyklopaedie“ 1773 - 1858
Ein Oderkahn hat in der Länge im Boden 62 bis 64 Fuß, oben 97 bis 98 Fuß in der Breite im Boden 7 bis 7 Fuß 4 Z.
oben 11 bis 11 1/2 Fuß -- Z.
Die Kajüte, nebst Raum zum Steuerruder, beträgt, der Länge nach, 22 F., der Raum an der Spitze aber 17 F.; mithin bleiben zum Laden 60 F. Der Ladungsraum beträgt 2000 bis 2500 Kubikfuß, welcher 8 bis 900 Ctn., oder 6 bis 7 Haufen Holz, nach markbrandenb. Maße tragen soll.
Zu einem ordinären Oderkahne, welcher ohne die Spitzen 56 F. lang, im Boden 8 F. und oben 11 F. im Lichten weit, und 3 F. tief ist, welcher 16 Lasten
(Unter einer Last werden 35 Ctn. schwer, oder 3 Wsp. Rocken, oder 12 Tonnen Salz,
verstanden) trägt, und alsdann 2 F. 3 Z. tief im Wasser geht, ist nachstehendes Holz erforderlich:
I. An Eichen=Holz. a) 152 F. lang, 15 bis 16 Z. breit, 2 1/2 Z. starkes Braun=Holz, welche Länge nur aus 2 Stücken bestehen muß.
b) 4 Stück Scharstücke zu den Vorder= und Hinterspitzen des Kahnes, 12 Z. breit und 3 Z. stark.
c) 212 F. lang, 5 Z. stark und 12 Z. breit, zu Kappstücken der Spitzen. d) 25 Par eichene Knie, 12 F. lang, 4 Z. breit, 6 Z. stark, und
e) 345 F. eichene Bohlen, 15 bis 16 Z. breit, 3 Z. stark, zum Boden.
Es werden auch Oderkähne mit kienenem Boden gebauet. Alsdann werden, statt der 345 F. eichene Bohlen, kienene genommen; dergleichen Kähne dauern aber nur wenige Jahre.
II. An Kienen=Holz. f) Ein Segelbaum, 50 F. lang, am Stamme 12 Z. am Zopfe aber 2 Z. stark.
g) Zwey Stück Segel= oder Schmack=Stangen, 40 F. lang, in der Mitte 5 Z., und an beyden Enden abgespitzt.
h) 200 F. kienene Bohlen, 17 bis 18 Z. breit, 2 1/2 Z. stark. i) 30 Stück Tischlerbreter, 24 F. lang.
k) 12 St. Spundbreter, 24 F. lang. Ausser dem sind noch 4 Stück Ruder von Aeschen=Holz nöthig, welche aus Schlesien kommen, und wofür pro Stück, complet fertig, 2 Rthlr. gegeben zu werden pflegt.
Part 1: The first days on the river Oder from Tschicherzig (click photo to enlarge) |
Part 2: The trip on the german inland waterways (blue) and on the North Sea (purple) (click photo to enlarge) |
They
travelled down the river
The
barges arrived in Hamburg-Altona on 22. May. Here
their epic voyage began on 3. July 1841 with the chartered Danish sailing ship
SKJOLD (400 tons, built at Sundeborg 1839, owned by C. Petersen of Sundeborg, captain Hans Christian Claussen) together with Pastor Gotthard
Daniel Fritzsche an his fiancee Johanna Dorothea (Dorette, Dorchen) Nehrlich.
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Hamburg - Am Deichtor (1840) - home place of the Nehrlich family and place where G.D. Fritzsche met his well educated and much adored Dorette (in front of the picture river barges like those of the emmigrants) |
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S/S Skjold (origin unknown) |
Manifest of the Skjold (page1) (click photo to enlarge) |
Manifest of the Skjold (page 2 - see Mrs. and Ms. Nehrlich) (click photo to enlarge) |
The
Skjold arrived in Port Adelaide/ S.A. on 27. October 1841. Here the South Australian
register reports of another group of 213 German settlers. There were 41 deaths
on the voyage especially among the children.
Then
they all travelled to Klemzig. The Grossmann family with other
German settlers then travelled to the Barossa and establish Bethanien (later
called
The settlers quickly established themselves and cultivated just under 500 acres
in approximately 18 months. An incredible achievement!
The
Grossmann family shifted to Walton and Nain and farmed in the area (possibly involved in
the construction of the church "Zum Schmalen Wege" (The Narrow Way).
Ewald
is buried in the Lutheran pioneers cemetry of Nain.
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Signature of Ewald Grossmann [see the "Geminationsstrich" (shortening line) at the end. Above a consonant this line doubles it. In this case n > nn] |
Death of Johanne Luise Grossmann nee Schmidt 1885 (click photo to enlarge)
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Birth of Traugott Leberecht Grossmann 1845 (click photo to enlarge)
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Children
born in South Australia: 4. Ernst Gottlieb, born 1843 5. Traugott Leberecht, born 1845, died Kununoppin/ W.A. 29. May 1929, oo Tothills Creek 1. October 1868 Bertha Rehler (married by Pastor J. Ey), eight children. 6. Johanne Luise, born 1849 7.
Maria Elizabeth, born 30.1.1853
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Son of Traugott Leberecht Grossmann: George August, born Deep Creek/ S.A. 3. August 1884. Two children: Eric George & Joy
Son of George August Grossmann: Brian
Son of Brian Grossmann: Tristan Eric |
Birth of Georg August Grossmann 1884 (click photo to enlarge) |
Georg August Grossmann Son of Traugott Leberecht and grandson of Ewald and Johanna Grossmann (click photo to enlarge) |
Johanna Wilhelmina Caroline Grossmann Daughter of Ewald and Johanna, born Züllichau/ Prussia 14. May 1836 She met Johann George Dohnt
( born Guhren/ Prussia) at Main/ S.A. There they were married in the Main Lutheran church on 18th August 1859.
They were farmers in the area, retiring at Blyth/ S.A. On one occasion George had a very badly ulcerated leg and no medication would heal it. Johanna used an old remedy that was passed down through her family which consisted of making an ointment by crushing Marshmallow leaves and applying it to the ulceration which healed the wound completely. (click photo to enlarge) |
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Marriage Traugott Leberecht Grossmann - Bertha Rehder 1868 (click photo to enlarge) |
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Georg August and son Brian |
Brian at Nain Church Narrow Gate |
Impressions from Züllichau, Tschicherzig and the River Oder
(click the photos to enlarge them)
I
thank Detlef Papsdorf for making this listing possible. It is a
fitting tribute. Also his Homepage very much fills a void on German emmigration
to South Australia.
Brian
Grossmann, Adelaide/ S.A. - January 2008
Rolling Home!